زهرا امام زاده

Background: Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) signed in 2015, limited Iran’s nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief. The U.S. withdrew in 2018, but talks continue to revive the deal.Aim: This meta-analysis examines how academic research from 2017 to 2024 has analyzed the JCPOA through the lens of critical discourse studies, revealing the interplay of language, power, and identity in constructing meaning around the agreement.Methodology: This meta-analysis synthesizes 27 peer-reviewed studies (2017–2024) to examine the discursive construction of JCPOA through critical discourse analysis (CDA) frameworks.Discussion: The study reveals how competing narratives shaped the agreement’s trajectory, focusing on three key dimensions: (1) transatlantic policy divergences, where EU multilateralist discourses clashed with U.S. unilateralist "America First" rhetoric under Trump, exacerbating diplomatic rifts; (2) domestic Iranian narrative battles, where reformist and conservative factions framed the JCPOA as either pragmatic diplomacy or ideological betrayal, leveraging media and social media to delegitimize opponents; and (3) diplomatic communication strategies, where translational asymmetries and linguistic negotiation underscored the politicized nature of interstate dialogue.Conclusions: The study demonstrates how discourse not only reflected but actively produced geopolitical realities, generating new identities (e.g., Iran as "resistant"), policies (e.g., maximum pressure), and material outcomes (e.g., renewed uranium enrichment).

Given the immense shifts the social networking sites and applications have brought about, a considerable number of researchers in the field of communication studies have turned to study different aspects of social media usage and factors influencing it. This study gathered data from 33318 US non-institutionalized citizens over 18 including 17079 females and 16239 males; they were members of web panelists of Pew, and their answers revealed that a majority of this online participants used a kind of social media. The results of this study revealed women use social media more than men, and religious people more than non-religious people. In addition, the results indicated that married people are the least users of social media in comparison with other marital groups. Our results showed that all demographics are significantly related to social media usage. But this significance can be somehow misleading because of weak practical effect sizes. Except for marital status and age Cramer’s V values are too small and their significance may have nothing to say but sensitivity to the degree of freedom.